Construction of recombinant industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with bglS gene insertion into PEP4 locus by homologous recombination

The bglS gene encoding endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase from Bacillus subtil＆ was cloned and sequenced in this study. The bglS expression cassette, including PGK1 promoter, bglS gene fused to the signal sequence of the yeast mating pheromone a-factor （MFals）, and ADH1 terminator with G418-resistance as the selected marker, was constructed. Then one of the PEP4 allele of Saccharomyces cerevisiae WZ65 strain was replaced by bglS expression cassette using chromosomal integration of polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-mediated homologous recombination, and the bglS gene was expressed simultaneously. The recombinant strain S. cerevisiae （SC-βG） was preliminarily screened by the clearing hydrolysis zone formed after the barley β-glucan was hydrolyzed in the plate and no proteinase A （PrA） activity was measured in fermenting liquor. The results of PCR analysis of genome DNA showed that one of the PEP4 allele had been replaced and bglS gene had been inserted into the locus of PEP4 gene in recombinant strains. Different endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase assay methods showed that the recombinant strain SC-βG had high endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase expression level with the maximum of 69.3 U/（h·ml） after 60 h of incubation. Meanwhile, the Congo Red method was suitable for the determination of endo-1,3-1,4-β-glucanase activity during the actual brewing process. The current research implies that the constructed yeast strain could be utilized to improve the industrial brewing property of beer.     

酿酒酵母水解物紫外吸收性能的研究

以紫外线吸收性能为指标 ,研究确定了酿酒酵母的最佳水解条件。酵母水解物在 2 97nm( UVB)和 365nm( UVA)处的吸收值分别为 2 .57和 1 .54,具有良好的紫外吸收性能。     

酿酒酵母高产菌株的木薯酒精产业化生产试验

【目的】对酿酒酵母高产菌株Ygxas-49木薯酒精产业化应用进行试验。【方法】先在200t发酵罐进行分批发酵,对该菌株的各个发酵指标进行评估,再将可行的方案进一步放大至年产12万t酒精生产线上进行生产稳定性试验,最后为考察该菌在产业化应用上的潜力,在200t发酵罐进行高浓度酒精发酵试验。【结果】200t发酵罐分批发酵结果表明:与生产对照菌株相比,酒度提高8.92%,发酵时间减少12h以上,其他发酵指标基本相同。采用该菌株生产酒精可以提高酒度,大大节约发酵时间,增加设备利用率,从而降低酒精生产成本。12万t酒精生产线稳定运行30d结果表明:与生产对照菌株相比,酒度提高5.35%,发酵时间减少10h以上,其他发酵指标基本相同。200t发酵罐高浓度酒精发酵结果:酒度为15.1%(V/V),发酵时间为56h,与目前文献报道最高生产水平(酒度13.5%,V/V;发酵时间69h)相比,酒度提高11.85%,发酵时间缩短13h。【结论】Ygxas-49菌株应用于工业化生产,各项工艺指标均显著优于国内目前最高水平,具有良好的工业化应用前景。     

植物乳杆菌LAI的酵母表面展示

为了研究亚油酸异构酶(LAI)的功能并构建基因工程菌株,克隆了植物乳杆菌1p15-2-1的lai基因并对其编码序列进行分析比对,随后将其融合酵母信号肽序列和0-凝集素锚定序列,构建酵母表面展示载体；使用电击法转化酿酒酵母K601,并在尿嘧啶缺失型培养基上筛选出转化子.氨基酸序列比对分析表明,LAI与肌球蛋白交叉反应抗原...     

Actin-, myosin- and ubiquitin-dependent endocytosis

Endocytosis is a general term that is used to describe the internalization of external and plasma membrane molecules into the cell interior. In fact, several different mechanisms exist for the internalization step of this process. In this review we emphasize the work on the actin-dependent pathways, in particular in the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae, because several components of the molecular machinery are identified. In this yeast, the analysis of endocytosis in various mutants reveals a requirement for actin, calmodulin, a type I myosin, as well as a number of other proteins that affect actin dynamics. Some of these proteins have homology to proteins in animal cells that are believed to be involved in endocytosis. In addition, the demonstration that ubiquitination of some cell surface molecules is required for their efficient internalization is described. We compare the actin, myosin and ubiquitin requirements for endocytosis with recent results found studying these processes usingDictyostelium discoideum and animal cells.     

化学聚集电融合法在新型酵母构建中的应用

在细胞融合过程中化学聚集电融合法,即用PEG作为聚合剂与电融合法连用,取得明显的效果。其条件是:电压11kV;脉冲宽度5μm;脉冲个数3;脉冲时间59s;温度4℃;PEG浓度35％;处理时间30min;处理温度30℃及pH6.从细胞体积,DNA含量,淀粉糖化能力及葡萄糖发酵能力等方面说明,所获得的新型酵母菌株是两亲本的融合株。     

酿酒酵母吸附Zn2+的特性及其动力学研究

为利用啤酒酵母生物吸附去除重金属离子,以酿酒酵母为例,研究了无缓冲溶液体系对Zn离子的吸附特性和动力学。结果表明,当Zn2 的初始浓度是5.23~52.32 m g.L-1,酵母浓度约1.0 g.L-1时,初始pH值约5.6,反应38 h时,酵母对Zn2 吸附量为2.57~42.82 m g.g-1,去除率达到76.4%~92.8%,pH值升高0.55~1.28。酵母吸附Zn2 的动力学过程复杂,高浓度条件下脱附现象严重,仅部分反应时段符合准二级动力学方程。Zn2 初始浓度越高,准二级速率方程的常数越低,初始反应速率越快。酿酒酵母可以用于吸附除去水体中的Zn离子。     

Cloning of theAspergillus awamori glucoamylase gene and expression inSaccharomyces cerevisiae

The A. awamori glucoamylase I gene was obtained by RT_PCR and inserted into the plasmid pAC1. We constructed an expression vector pAC1_GA, which was used to transform the yeast S. cerevisiae AS 2 1364 without auxotrophic marker. The transformant secreted glucoamylase into the medium efficiently and degraded starch. The glucoamylase activity of the culture filtrate is up to 8 4 U/mL.     

染色体位置对酵母SUC2基因表达的影响

通过ＦＬＰ－ＦＲＴ位点特异性ＤＮＡ切离和ＤＮＡ定点整合技术,将酵母蔗糖酶基因整合到酿酒酵母染色体不同位置上,测定了ＳＵＣ２基因表达情况,从而对酵母染色体位置效应进行了初步研究。     

啤酒酵母单倍体的诱导与遗传标记

在适宜的条件下，诱导充分活化的啤酒酵母LQ16和QSB7，可以获得单倍体细胞；再通过UV诱变使二者分别获得LQ16［Datr、Iie-］和QSR7［H2S-、Ala-］的遗传标记．